HEC-RAS
The world's most used hydraulic model: free 1D/2D river analysis, sediment, water quality and flood mapping.
ETH Zurich's free 2D hydraulics and morphodynamics simulator — rivers, sediment and hazard mapping.
by ETH Zurich (VAW)
BASEMENT, from ETH Zurich's Laboratory of Hydraulics (VAW), simulates 2D unsteady flow with sediment transport and morphodynamics — bedload, suspended load and bed evolution — with a GPU-accelerated solver in recent versions. Swiss flood-hazard and river-restoration practice leans on it heavily, and its sediment capabilities exceed most free competitors.
It is freeware rather than open source, with high-quality documentation and tutorials. Pre- and post-processing typically happens in QGIS via the BASEmesh plugin, keeping the whole workflow licence-free.
Other hydraulics & river systems tools covering similar workflow stages.
The world's most used hydraulic model: free 1D/2D river analysis, sediment, water quality and flood mapping.
FHWA's free culvert analysis program — the reference implementation of HDS-5 culvert hydraulics.
Open-source 2D shallow-water modelling in Python from Geoscience Australia — strong for dam break and tsunami.
GPU reimplementation of the CaMa-Flood global river routing model — continental flood simulation on PyTorch/Triton.
Deltares' open flexible-mesh suite for rivers, estuaries and coasts — hydrodynamics to morphology.
A free bundle of FHWA drainage calculators: channels, weirs, curb & gutter, riprap, detention and more.