GRASS GIS
Four decades of geospatial engineering — r.watershed and the most battle-tested hydrology modules in GIS.

The geomorphometry powerhouse — hundreds of terrain and hydrology modules behind a free desktop GIS.
SAGA (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses) grew out of the German geomorphometry community and it shows: catchment delineation, channel networks, the SAGA wetness index, curvature classifications and dozens of terrain derivatives that exist nowhere else, alongside broad raster and geostatistics libraries.
Water engineers usually meet SAGA through QGIS, where it ships as a Processing provider — but the native application exposes more parameters and chains large jobs more reliably. For terrain-derivative work beyond plain flow accumulation, SAGA remains a first stop.
The free GIS stack for going from raw DEM to watershed boundary and stream network.
Ranked by the topics, categories and workflow stages they share with SAGA GIS.
Four decades of geospatial engineering — r.watershed and the most battle-tested hydrology modules in GIS.
Esri's free hydrology framework for ArcGIS Pro — terrain preprocessing and the data model behind many agency workflows.
The global hydrography reference — basins, river networks, lakes and hydro-environmental attributes, free.

500+ fast geospatial analysis tools with the best DEM hydrology toolkit in open source.
Utah State's parallel terrain-analysis suite — D-infinity flow modelling and objective stream-network extraction.
The free, open-source GIS that has become the default spatial platform for water engineers worldwide.